由 发布
2008年1月14日

用 C++ 制作游戏

评分：3.6/5 (182 票)
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为了用 C++ 制作一个成功且用户友好的游戏，我们需要记住以下几点。
首先，简单是关键。当然，如果您熟悉 C++ 更高级的图形功能，您可以继续制作像 Liero 这样的复杂游戏，但现在，越简单越好。
此外，我们需要记住，游戏必须具有恰当的难度——不太容易，也不太难。当玩家获胜时，游戏还需要某种形式的奖励（例如，一条多彩的消息），这样用户才有玩下去的理由。
游戏也需要比纯文本多一点东西。例如，您可以使用井字棋棋盘，或者简单地使用彩色文本。

当您熟悉了这些概念之后，就可以开始实际制作游戏了。

如果您不熟悉输出彩色文本，我建议您在尝试制作游戏之前先学会如何做。这其实非常容易。首先，就在您开始主进程之前（在 int main () { 之前），您需要添加以下几行。
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void setcolor(unsigned short color)                 //The function that you'll use to
{                                                   //set the colour
    HANDLE hcon = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hcon,color);
}


然后，在输出文本的命令之前，您需要使用以下命令设置颜色：
setcolor (x); （将 (x) 替换为任何数字，例如 setcolor (7) 将输出默认颜色，白色。

现在，开始制作游戏。首先，您需要对您想制作的游戏类型有一个想法。在本教程中，让我们制作一个非常简单的游戏，叫做“猜高猜低？”。用户将看到一个数字，并被问及下一个数字是会比它高还是低。

首先，我们需要声明我们的变量。我们应该有三个无符号短整型。它们分别是第一个数字、第二个数字以及总得分。然后我们还需要一个字符，它将是用户输入的字母，“H”或“L”，高或低。我们可以这样声明它们：
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int main()
{
         short unsigned int score = 0;
short unsigned int num = 0;
short unsigned int num2 = 0;
char letter;


现在，为了完全随机化输出的数字，我们需要添加几行代码。如下所示，并附带注释解释每一行的作用。

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loop:  //This labels the code for quick reference later on.
srand(time(NULL));  //Initialize random number generator
    num = 1 + rand() % (6 - 1 + 1);  //Shows that num is a random integer between 1 and 6.
    num2 = 1 + rand() % (6 - 1 + 1); //Shows that num2 is a random integer between 1 and 6.

完成这些之后，我们就可以开始着手界面了。
首先，在程序的顶部，我们应该一直显示得分。我们还想对游戏做一个简短的说明，然后开始游戏本身。
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cout <<"\nPoints: ";
    setcolor (10);
    cout << score << endl;
    setcolor (7);
    cout <<"Get to 5 points to win. The numbers range between 1 and 6.\n";
    setcolor (12);
    cout << num;
    setcolor (7);
    cout <<" is the first number. \nIs the next number going to be higher or lower? H or L?" << endl;

然后我们可以开始输入序列。
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cin >> letter;
    if (letter == 'h'||letter == 'H')
    {
               setcolor (12);
    cout << num2;
    setcolor (7);
    cout <<" is the second number.";
    if (num2>num) goto win;
                 else if (num2<num) goto lose;
                 else if (num2==num) goto same;
                 }
                      else
                      {
                          setcolor (12);
                           cout << num2;
                           setcolor (7);
                           cout <<" is the second number.";
                           if (num2<num) goto win;
                                        else if (num2>num) goto lose;
                                        else if (num2==num) goto same;
                                        win:
                                            {
                                                if (score==4)
                                                {
                                                             setcolor (12);
                                                             cout <<" You completed the game! Well done!!!\n";
                                                system ("pause");
                                                return 0;
                                                }
                                                else
                                                {cout <<"You win! Well done!\n";
                                             system ("pause");
                                             score++;
                                             goto loop;}
                                             }
                                             same:
                                                  {if (score==4)
                                                {
                                                             setcolor (10);
                                                             cout <<" You completed the game! Well done!!!\n";
                                                system ("pause");
                                                return 0;}
                                                        else
                                                        {cout <<"The numbers were the same! What a coincidence! I think\n we can give you a point for that...";
                                                        system ("pause");
                                                        score++;
                                                        goto loop;}}
                                             lose:
                                                  {cout <<"You lose...\n";
                                                    system ("pause");
}}                                                    return 0;}


如果我们把所有这些组合起来，这就是完成的项目。


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#include <iostream>
#include <time.h>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <windows.h>
using namespace std;
void setcolor(unsigned short color)                 //The function that you'll use to
{                                                   //set the colour
    HANDLE hcon = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hcon,color);
}
int main()
{
         short unsigned int score = 0;
short unsigned int num = 0;
short unsigned int num2 = 0;
char letter;
loop:
srand(time(NULL));
//Initialize random number generator
    num = 1 + rand() % (6 - 1 + 1);
    num2 = 1 + rand() % (6 - 1 + 1);
    cout <<"\nPoints: ";
    setcolor (10);
    cout << score << endl;
    setcolor (7);
    cout <<"Get to 5 points to win. The numbers range between 1 and 6.\n";
    setcolor (12);
    cout << num;
    setcolor (7);
    cout <<" is the first number. \nIs the next number going to be higher or lower? H or L?" << endl;
    cin >> letter;
    if (letter == 'h'||letter == 'H')
    {
               setcolor (12);
    cout << num2;
    setcolor (7);
    cout <<" is the second number.";
    if (num2>num) goto win;
                 else if (num2<num) goto lose;
                 else if (num2==num) goto same;
                 }
                      else
                      {
                          setcolor (12);
                           cout << num2;
                           setcolor (7);
                           cout <<" is the second number.";
                           if (num2<num) goto win;
                                        else if (num2>num) goto lose;
                                        else if (num2==num) goto same;
                                        win:
                                            {
                                                if (score==4)
                                                {
                                                             setcolor (12);
                                                             cout <<" You completed the game! Well done!!!\n";
                                                system ("pause");
                                                return 0;
                                                }
                                                else
                                                {cout <<"You win! Well done!\n";
                                             system ("pause");
                                             score++;
                                             goto loop;}
                                             }
                                             same:
                                                  {if (score==4)
                                                {
                                                             setcolor (10);
                                                             cout <<" You completed the game! Well done!!!\n";
                                                system ("pause");
                                                return 0;}
                                                        else
                                                        {cout <<"The numbers were the same! What a coincidence! I think\n we can give you a point for that...";
                                                        system ("pause");
                                                        score++;
                                                        goto loop;}}
                                             lose:
                                                  {cout <<"You lose...\n";
                                                    system ("pause");
}}                                                    return 0;}