C++

参考

<string>

string

类
<string>

std::string

typedef basic_string<char> string;
String class
Strings are objects that represent sequences of characters.

标准stringclass provides support for such objects with an interface similar to that of a standard container of bytes, but adding features specifically designed to operate with strings of single-byte characters.

要放回的字符的stringclass is an instantiation of the basic_string class template that useschar(i.e., bytes) as its character type, with its default char_traits and allocator types (see basic_string for more info on the template).

Note that this class handles bytes independently of the encoding used: If used to handle sequences of multi-byte or variable-length characters (such as UTF-8), all members of this class (such as length or size), as well as its iterators, will still operate in terms of bytes (not actual encoded characters).

成员类型

成员类型定义
value_typechar
traits_typechar_traits<char>
allocator_typeallocator<char>
引用char&
const_referenceconst char&
指针char*
const_pointerconst char*
iterator一个指向char(convertible toconst_iterator)
const_iterator一个指向const char
reverse_iteratorreverse_iterator<iterator>
const_reverse_iteratorreverse_iterator<const_iterator>
difference_typeptrdiff_t
size_typesize_t

成员函数

（构造函数）
构造字符串对象 (public member function)
(析构函数)
String destructor (public member function)
operator=
字符串赋值 (公共成员函数)

迭代器:
begin
返回指向起始位置的迭代器 (公开成员函数)
end
返回指向末尾的迭代器 (公开成员函数)
rbegin
返回指向反向起始位置的反向迭代器 (公开成员函数)
rend
返回指向反向末尾的反向迭代器 (公开成员函数)
cbegin
返回指向起始位置的 const_iterator (公开成员函数)
cend
返回指向末尾的 const_iterator (公开成员函数)
crbegin
返回指向反向起始位置的 const_reverse_iterator (公开成员函数)
crend
返回指向反向末尾的 const_reverse_iterator (公开成员函数)

容量:
size
返回字符串的长度 (公共成员函数)
长度
返回字符串的长度 (公共成员函数)
max_size
返回字符串的最大大小 (公共成员函数)
resize
调整字符串大小 (公共成员函数)
容量
返回分配存储的大小 (公共成员函数)
reserve
请求更改容量 (公共成员函数)
clear
清除字符串 (公共成员函数)
empty
Test if string is empty (public member function)
shrink_to_fit
缩小到适合 (公共成员函数)

元素访问:
operator[]
获取字符串的字符 (public member function)
at
获取字符串中的字符 （公共成员函数）
back
访问最后一个字符 (公共成员函数)
front
访问第一个字符 (public member function)

修改器:
operator+=
Append to string (public member function)
append
Append to string (public member function)
push_back
将字符附加到字符串 (公共成员函数)
assign
将内容分配给字符串 (public member function)
insert
Insert into string (public member function)
erase
从字符串中删除字符 (公共成员函数)
replace
替换字符串的一部分 (public member function)
swap
交换字符串值 (公共成员函数)
pop_back
Delete last character (public member function)

String operations:
c_str
获取 C 字符串等效项 (公共成员函数)
data
获取字符串数据 (public member function)
get_allocator
获取分配器 (公开成员函数)
copy
从字符串复制字符序列 (public member function)
find
在字符串中查找内容 (公共成员函数)
rfind
在字符串中查找内容最后一次出现的位置 (公共成员函数)
find_first_of
在字符串中查找字符 (公共成员函数)
find_last_of
从字符串末尾查找字符 (公共成员函数)
find_first_not_of
在字符串中查找不存在的字符 (public member function)
find_last_not_of
从字符串末尾查找不匹配的字符 (公共成员函数)
substr
生成子字符串 (公共成员函数)
compare
比较字符串 (公共成员函数)

成员常量

npos
Maximum value for size_t (public static member constant)

非成员函数重载

`operator+`
连接字符串 (函数)
关系运算符
Relational operators for string (function)
swap
Exchanges the values of two strings (function)
operator>>
Extract string from stream (function)
operator<<
Insert string into stream (function)
getline
Get line from stream into string (function)